Emergency-access readiness per city: for each category (hospitals, fire, police, mapped shelters) the component is 100 at 0 km falling to 0 at 50 km of network distance to the nearest facility over the region's major-road (motorway–secondary) network; the city score is the weighted category mean and the region score is the population-weighted city mean — weights are a disclosed value judgment. 10/25/50 km counts are straight-line, not network. Facilities come from each region's OSM extract; OSM coverage varies and shelters especially are thinly mapped — a low shelter count can mean unmapped, not absent. Cities are OSM places with a population tag (untagged places are excluded). Routing is approximate (see docs/architecture/approximate-freeway-routing.md).